Scientists have proposed a new mechanism for what fuels Yellowstone and similar supervolcanoes, challenging long-held theories. Instead of a deep mantle plume rising from near Earth's core, a broad "mantle wind" may push hot rock beneath the caldera.
This shallow flow generates magma closer to the surface, helping create a massive underground magma network. The finding offers a potential explanation for how supervolcanoes remain active for extended geological periods.
The research, reported by ScienceDaily, shifts the focus from deep-Earth processes to more regional mantle dynamics. It suggests the heat source for Yellowstone's eruptions may be more horizontally distributed than previously assumed.
If confirmed, the model could reshape hazard assessments for supervolcanoes worldwide. Understanding the magma supply rate and location is critical for predicting future eruptions and their potential global climate impact.
The study relies on geophysical imaging and computer simulations, which have inherent uncertainties. Direct observation of mantle flow remains impossible with current technology.